未来东北地区农业气候资源的时空演变特征     

侯依玲  许瀚卿  王涛  田展  赵春雨 《气象科技》2019,47(1):154-162

研究采用NorESM1-M模式输出的气候情景资料驱动农业生态区模型,分析了21世纪中期在RCP 2.6和RCP8.5典型浓度路径下的东北区域气候资源变化。研究表明:在RCP2.6、RCP8.5两种气候变化情景下,东北区域年平均气温呈现升高趋势,≥10℃积温所反映的热量条件得到显著改善,以黑龙江省和辽中南积温的增加最为明显;受气温升高影响,2050s参考作物蒸散普遍增加。区域内降水总量略有增加,东北西部干旱地区状况略有改善,东部地区更加湿润;趋于暖湿的气候促使作物生长季延长,到21世纪中期,全区最长增加12.4天。  相似文献   

基于作物系数与水分生产函数的向日葵产量预测   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

云文丽  侯琼  李建军  苗百岭  冯旭宇 《应用气象学报》2015,26(6):705-713

利用河套灌区向日葵2012年田间水分、分期播种试验数据和两个站点的农业气象历史资料,研究基于向日葵作物系数和水分生产函数的产量预测方法。结果表明:向日葵标准作物系数在生育期内的变化规律是前期小、中期大、后期小, 最高值为1.21, 出现在开花期。标准作物系数与出苗后日数和大于0℃积温有很好的二次和三次多项式关系,拟合优度在0.93以上。在分析相对叶面积指数和作物系数关系的基础上,提出标准作物系数的相对叶面积指数订正方法,得出河套灌区向日葵作物系数的动态计算式,为水分生产函数中实际蒸散量的计算提供支撑。建立以Jensen模型为基础的向日葵水分生产函数,得到对水分亏缺的敏感顺序从高到低是开花期、花序形成期、成熟期、苗期。综合应用向日葵作物系数方程和水分生产函数模型计算分期播种产量,与实际产量分别相差4.4%和4.1%,初步证明该文提出的方法对产量预测较为理想,在该地区具有很好的适用性。  相似文献   

Evaluation of radar and automatic weather station data assimilation for a heavy rainfall event in southern China     

Tuanjie Hou  Fanyou Kong  Xunlai Chen  Hengchi Lei  Zhaoxia Hu 《大气科学进展》2015,32(7):967-978

To improve the accuracy of short-term(0–12 h) forecasts of severe weather in southern China, a real-time storm-scale forecasting system, the Hourly Assimilation and Prediction System(HAPS), has been implemented in Shenzhen, China. The forecasting system is characterized by combining the Advanced Research Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF-ARW)model and the Advanced Regional Prediction System(ARPS) three-dimensional variational data assimilation(3DVAR) package. It is capable of assimilating radar reflectivity and radial velocity data from multiple Doppler radars as well as surface automatic weather station(AWS) data. Experiments are designed to evaluate the impacts of data assimilation on quantitative precipitation forecasting(QPF) by studying a heavy rainfall event in southern China. The forecasts from these experiments are verified against radar, surface, and precipitation observations. Comparison of echo structure and accumulated precipitation suggests that radar data assimilation is useful in improving the short-term forecast by capturing the location and orientation of the band of accumulated rainfall. The assimilation of radar data improves the short-term precipitation forecast skill by up to9 hours by producing more convection. The slight but generally positive impact that surface AWS data has on the forecast of near-surface variables can last up to 6–9 hours. The assimilation of AWS observations alone has some benefit for improving the Fractions Skill Score(FSS) and bias scores; when radar data are assimilated, the additional AWS data may increase the degree of rainfall overprediction.  相似文献   

新疆西昆仑叶尔羌河地区成矿地质条件及找矿前景分析     

高杰  金平  侯万录  宋公社 《陕西地质》2011,29(1):42-49

新疆西昆仑叶尔羌河地区位于青藏高原西北部,昆仑山脉和喀喇昆仑山脉横亘测区中央,自然、交通条件差,地质矿产勘查研究程度低。本文在以往地质工作基础上,从区域地质背景、区域地球化学特征、区域矿产特征入手,对区域成矿地质条件进行了综合分析,对各成矿带主攻矿种、成矿类型、找矿前景进行了探讨总结。  相似文献   

我国主要农耕区水稻土有机碳含量分布及影响因素研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

余涛  杨忠芳  侯青叶  夏学齐  宗思锋  李彪 《地学前缘》2011,18(6):11-19

水稻土是我国主要的耕作土壤之一,水稻土有机碳变化与全球气候变化息息相关,因此研究我国主要农耕区水稻土有机碳含量分布特征及影响因素具有重要的现实意义。本文基于全国多目标地球化学调查1：250000土壤数据库,以行政区划分析了水稻土有机碳分布规律,从土壤pH值、年均气温、年均降雨量、耕作方式等角度探讨了其对水稻土有机碳含量...  相似文献   

辽东甬子沟滑石矿床地质特征     

侯跃武 《化工矿产地质》2011,33(1):33-36

辽宁省宽甸县甬子沟滑石矿床分布于古元古界辽河群大石桥组三段的白云质大理岩中,矿床明显受控于北西向断裂,围岩蚀变以滑石化、透闪石化最为发育.矿床成因属中低温热液交代型层控矿床.依成矿地质条件和找矿潜力,寻找隐伏矿体、已知矿体外围是主要的找矿方向.  相似文献   

Hydrogeochemical and isotopic study of groundwater in the Habor Lake Basin of the Ordos Plateau,NW China   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

Lihe Yin  Guangcai Hou  Yan Dou  Zhengping Tao  Ying Li 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2011,64(6):1575-1584

Hydrogeochemistry and isotopes were used to understand the origin and geochemical evolution in the Habor Lake Basin, northwestern China. Groundwater samples were taken, and the isotopic compositions δD, δ¹⁸O and major ions were analyzed. The groundwater can be divided into three types: the Quaternary groundwater, the shallow Cretaceous groundwater and the deep Cretaceous groundwater. The groundwater chemistry is mainly controlled by the feldspar weathering and dolomite weathering, the dissolution of Glauber’s salt, and cation exchange. Chemistry of lake water is mainly controlled by evaporation and precipitation. The stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen in groundwater cluster along the local meteoric water line, indicating that groundwater is of meteoric origin. Comparing with shallow groundwater, deep groundwater is depleted in heavy isotopes indicating that deep groundwater was recharged during late Pleistocene and Holocene, during which the climate was more wetter and colder than today.  相似文献   

Enzymatic hydrolysis of defatted mackerel protein with low bitter taste     

Hu Hou  Bafang Li  Xue Zhao 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2011,10(1):85-92

Ultrasound-assisted solvent extraction was confirmed as a novel,effective method for separating lipid from mackerel pro-tein,resulting in a degreasing rate (DR) of 95% and a nitrogen recovery (NR) of 88.6%.To obtain protein hydrolysates with high ni-trogen recovery and low bitter taste,enzymatic hydrolysis was performed using eight commercially available proteases.It turned out that the optimum enzyme was the ‘Mixed enzymes for animal proteolysis’.An enzyme dosage of 4%,a temperature of 50℃,and a hydrolysis time of 300 min were found to be the optimum conditions to obtain high NR (84.28%) and degree of hydrolysis (DH,16.18%) by orthogonal experiments.Glutamic acid was the most abundant amino acid of MDP (defatted mackerel protein) and MDPH (defatted mackerel protein hydrolysates).Compared with the FAO/WHO reference protein,the essential amino acid chemical scores (CS) were greater than 1.0 (1.0 1.7) in MDPH,which is reflective of high nutritional value.This,coupled with the light color and slight fishy odor,indicates that MDPH would potentially have a wide range of applications such as nutritional additives,functional ingredients,and so on.  相似文献   

河南生产者服务业与制造业协同发展研究——基于VAR模型系统分析     

侯红昌 《地域研究与开发》2011,30(4):46-50

后危机时代,生产者服务业的率先复苏彰显出生产者服务业与制造业协同发展的可能性与必要性。运用协整方法及向量自回归模型来实证分析河南生产者服务业与制造业之间的协同发展关系。结果表明,二者之间仅存在较弱的协同发展效应。原因主要在于河南的制造业结构层次低,生产者服务业布局分散,面临的市场环境较差等。因此,建议政府从优化产业结构、推进集聚区建设、完善市场环境以及加强科技创新等方面做出努力。  相似文献   

Quantitative risk analysis for landslides: the case of the Three Gorges area,China     

Ling Peng  Suning Xu  Jinwu Hou  Junhuan Peng 《Landslides》2015,12(5):943-960

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